Organized Retail in Bangladesh

Organized Retail in Bangladesh

Organized retail in Bangladesh is gradually gaining momentum, driven by increasing urbanization, rising incomes, and changing consumer behavior. Although traditional retail (such as open markets and small local shops) still dominates, the country has seen steady growth in modern, organized retail formats such as supermarkets, shopping malls, and branded retail chains. Here’s an overview of the organized retail sector in Bangladesh:

1. Key Characteristics of Organized Retail

  • Standardized Practices: Organized retail refers to retailers operating with standardized and professional practices, including proper supply chain management, pricing strategies, modern store layouts, and customer service.
  • Variety of Goods: These stores offer a wide range of products, including groceries, apparel, electronics, household items, and lifestyle products, often under one roof.
  • Chain Stores: Many organized retail players have multiple outlets across cities, ensuring consistency in quality, pricing, and service.

2. Types of Organized Retail

  • Supermarkets and Hypermarkets:
    • Chains like Shwapno, Meena Bazar, Agora, and Unimart are leading the organized retail scene, particularly in grocery and household goods.
    • These stores focus on providing customers with a clean shopping environment, fixed prices, and a wide selection of local and imported products.
    • Supermarkets are primarily focused on food and FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods), while larger hypermarkets (like Unimart) also offer clothing, electronics, and home goods.
  • Shopping Malls:
    • Jamuna Future Park in Dhaka, one of the largest malls in South Asia, symbolizes the growing trend of shopping malls in Bangladesh. Other prominent malls include Bashundhara City and Metro Shopping Mall.
    • These malls house various organized retail stores, including international brands, local fashion brands, electronics, and dining options, providing an all-in-one shopping and entertainment experience.
  • Apparel and Lifestyle Brands:
    • Bangladesh’s textile and apparel sector is world-renowned, and brands like Aarong, Yellow, Cats Eye, Kay Kraft, and Dorji Bari operate organized retail outlets across the country.
    • International brands such as Levi’s, H&M, and Adidas are also entering the market through organized retail stores.
  • Electronics and Appliances:
    • Major retail chains such as Rangs Electronics, Transcom Digital, and Best Electronics operate organized retail outlets across Bangladesh, offering a range of home appliances, smartphones, computers, and other electronics.

3. Growth Drivers

  • Urbanization: The rapid growth of cities like Dhaka, Chittagong, and Sylhet has fueled the demand for modern retail formats. Urban consumers are increasingly drawn to organized retail due to convenience, quality, and variety.
  • Rising Middle Class: As income levels rise, particularly among the urban middle class, consumers are willing to spend more on quality products, brands, and an improved shopping experience.
  • Changing Lifestyles: The shift towards nuclear families, a busier lifestyle, and increased exposure to global retail trends (thanks to international travel and social media) are pushing consumers toward organized retail formats.
  • Foreign Investment: Bangladesh’s growing economy and large population have attracted foreign investment in the retail sector, leading to an influx of international brands and retail chains.

4. Online Retail and E-commerce

  • While still in its early stages compared to other South Asian markets, online retail is growing rapidly in Bangladesh. Platforms like Daraz, Pickaboo, and Evaly (prior to its downfall) have created a robust online retail ecosystem.
  • Several organized brick-and-mortar retailers, like Shwapno and Meena Bazar, have also launched online stores to cater to the growing demand for e-commerce.
  • Chaldal, primarily focused on groceries, has become a major player in online organized retail.

5. Challenges Facing Organized Retail

  • High Real Estate Costs: The cost of real estate in prime urban locations is high, making it expensive for organized retailers to expand their physical presence.
  • Supply Chain Inefficiencies: Despite improvements, many organized retailers still face challenges with logistics and supply chain management, especially in terms of sourcing fresh produce and managing inventory efficiently.
  • Competition from Informal Sector: Traditional markets and informal retail, which operate with lower overheads and greater flexibility, remain tough competitors for organized retail, especially in semi-urban and rural areas.
  • Regulatory Hurdles: Inconsistent regulations, such as taxes and import duties, sometimes hinder the smooth operation of organized retail chains, especially for those dealing in imported goods.

6. Consumer Preferences and Trends

  • Convenience and Experience: Consumers increasingly value the convenience of organized retail, where they can shop for a variety of products under one roof. Additionally, the in-store experience—air-conditioned environments, clean facilities, and organized product displays—is an attraction.
  • Brand Consciousness: With greater exposure to global trends and brands, Bangladeshi consumers, especially younger generations, are becoming more brand-conscious, driving demand for both local and international brands.
  • Omnichannel Shopping: Many organized retailers are now adopting an omnichannel approach, where customers can browse products online and either have them delivered to their homes or pick them up in-store.

7. Future Prospects

  • Expansion into Tier 2 Cities: As Dhaka and Chittagong become more saturated, organized retailers are expanding into other urban centers like Khulna, Sylhet, Rajshahi, and Barishal, where middle-class populations are growing.
  • Technology Integration: The use of technology, including data analytics, digital payments, and customer loyalty programs, is expected to drive the growth of organized retail. Retailers are increasingly investing in improving the customer experience through mobile apps and digital marketing.
  • Sustainability: With a growing awareness of environmental issues, there is an emerging trend towards sustainable and ethical retail practices. Some retailers are adopting eco-friendly packaging, promoting local products, and emphasizing corporate social responsibility (CSR).

Conclusion

The organized retail sector in Bangladesh is evolving rapidly, driven by urbanization, rising incomes, and changing consumer expectations. While traditional markets remain dominant, organized retail is gaining ground, particularly in urban areas, offering consumers greater convenience, choice, and quality. As infrastructure improves and the middle class expands, the future of organized retail in Bangladesh looks promising, with continued growth and innovation expected in the coming years.

By Ahmed Shoyeb Iqbal

Online Grocery Shopping in Bangladesh

Grocery Retail in Bangladesh

Grocery Retail in Bangladesh: Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges

Grocery retail in Bangladesh is undergoing major changes driven by urbanization, changing consumption habits, and the rise of e-commerce. This dynamic industry offers a wide range of products, from fresh produce and processed goods to everyday household items, and plays a vital role in the country’s economy. As Bangladesh’s population continues to grow and urban areas expand, the grocery retail landscape is rapidly evolving to meet changing market demands.

Grocery Retail in Bangladesh

Growth of Grocery Retail in Bangladesh:

With a population of over 170 million, grocery retail is growing rapidly in Bangladesh. Increasing urbanization and a growing middle class are the main drivers of this growth. As disposable income increases, there is a growing demand for modern retail formats such as supermarkets and hypermarkets in addition to traditional grocery stores. The retail market is expected to grow by more than 10% annually due to demographic changes, urban development, and infrastructure development.

Grocery Stores in Bangladesh:

The grocery retail sector in Bangladesh is experiencing significant growth due to urbanization, rising incomes, and changing consumer preferences. Traditional kirana stores, offering daily essentials like rice, lentils, and spices, remain popular for their convenience and personalized service, especially in rural areas.

Modern grocery retail formats, such as supermarkets and hypermarkets like Shwapno, Meena Bazar, and Agora, are growing rapidly in urban centers. These stores offer a variety of products, including imported goods and organic options, attracting middle- and upper-class consumers with quality and convenience.

Online grocery shopping is also on the rise, with platforms like Chaldal and Pathao Grocery gaining popularity. These platforms cater to busy consumers who prefer shopping from home, offering delivery services for added convenience.

Despite challenges like supply chain issues and price sensitivity, the grocery retail sector in Bangladesh is set for further expansion, driven by demand for variety, quality, and convenience.

Modern Grocery Retail Formats:

In recent years, modern grocery formats such as supermarkets, hypermarkets, and large retail chains have grown rapidly in Bangladesh. Chains like Shwapno, Meena Bazar, and Agora are leading the charge in transforming the grocery retail scene. These stores offer a wide range of products, from fresh produce to packaged goods, household items, and even electronics. The appeal lies in their organized shopping environment, fixed pricing, and regular promotions.

Modern Grocery Retail Formats

Consumers are also increasingly demanding higher quality products, including organic and imported goods, which these modern stores cater to.

Online Grocery Shopping in Bangladesh:

Online platforms like Chaldal, Pathao Grocery, and Daraz offer consumers the convenience of shopping from home, with quick home delivery options. This trend has gained momentum due to increasing internet penetration and the widespread use of smartphones. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of online shopping, and the online grocery segment is expected to continue its rapid growth.

However, challenges such as logistical issues, delivery delays, and the need for secure payment systems remain. Despite these hurdles, the demand for online grocery shopping is expected to increase as more consumers embrace digital solutions.

Grocery delivery service Bangladesh:

Grocery delivery services in Bangladesh have seen significant growth in recent years, driven by the demand for convenience and the country’s expanding digital infrastructure. Platforms like Chaldal, Pathao Grocery, Daraz, and SastaSundar are becoming popular choices for busy consumers, particularly in urban areas like Dhaka. These platforms offer a wide variety of products, including fresh produce, packaged goods, and household essentials, with the added benefit of home delivery.

The primary appeal of online grocery shopping is the timesaving convenience it offers, allowing consumers to shop from the comfort of their homes. Many platforms also offer features like subscription services for regular deliveries of essential items. However, challenges such as traffic congestion, infrastructure issues, and price sensitivity remain.

Despite these challenges, the future of grocery delivery services in Bangladesh looks bright, with further growth expected as digital adoption continues to rise and platforms improve delivery times, product selection, and customer experience.

Key Trends in the Grocery Retail Sector:

Several trends are shaping the grocery retail landscape in Bangladesh:

  1. Health-Conscious Products: Consumers are increasingly seeking organic, gluten-free, and other health-focused food options.
  2. Convenience: Timesaving solutions such as ready-to-eat meals, meal kits, and home delivery services are becoming popular among busy consumers.
  3. Sustainability: Consumers are more aware of the environmental impact of their purchases. Retailers are adapting by using eco-friendly packaging and sourcing products from sustainable sources.
  4. Technology Integration: Retailers are using technology for inventory management, data analytics, and enhancing the customer experience through mobile apps and online ordering systems.

Challenges in the Grocery Retail Sector:

The grocery retail sector in Bangladesh faces several challenges:

  • Supply Chain Issues: Inadequate infrastructure can lead to supply chain disruptions, affecting product availability and delivery times.
  • Price Sensitivity: Many consumers, especially in rural areas, are price-sensitive, making it difficult for retailers to maintain profit margins.
  • Regulatory Hurdles: Retailers must contend with numerous regulations and taxes, and complying can be costly and time-consuming.

In conclusion, the grocery retail market in Bangladesh is a dynamic sector with a mix of traditional and modern shopping formats. While traditional bazaars remain dominant, urbanization and changing consumer preferences are driving the growth of supermarkets and e-commerce platforms, marking a shift in the retail landscape.

By Ahmed Shoyeb Iqbal

Innovation in the Agricultural Sector

Innovation in the Agricultural Sector

Innovation in the Agricultural Sector:

The agricultural sector is one of the most crucial economic aspects of Bangladesh. Suffering from poverty and starvation to becoming a “medium hunger” country, the rise of the nation’s agro sector is commendable.

However, even after showing remarkable progress in the agricultural sector, the country still needs an “agricultural revolution” to achieve a zero-hunger rate in the near future.

Although implementing various digital solutions in the agro farms has been one of the biggest visions of the government, there is still a need for a sustainable model to revolutionize the country’s agriculture efficiently. And in such case, Bangladesh can gain some valuable insights from the “Dutch Agricultural Revolution.”

As a global leader in agricultural innovation and exports, the Netherlands implemented advanced water management, sustainable farming practices, and technological advancements to transform their agro sector effectively. Bangladesh can adopt these techniques and technologies to expedite its progress and achieve their goals more efficiently.

 

Innovation in Bangladesh agricultural sector: A comparison with The Dutch Agriculture and Innovations

Innovation is the key to an enhanced agricultural system in an economy. Modernization and digitalization in the agricultural sector can not only ensure the food security of the nation but also contribute to sustainable development.

And when it comes to innovation and digitalization in the agricultural sector, the Netherlands has built a name for itself as a pioneer. The Dutch can produce twice as much food using their available resources and technologies.

In 2022, the Dutch agricultural farms produced 4 million cows, 13 million pigs, and 104 million chickens, with nearly 24,000 acres of various crops and others. Such an amount of agricultural production not only fulfilled the Netherlands’ demand but also allowed the country to export worldwide. In fiscal year 2022, the Dutch economy earned an estimated 49.6 billion euros from agricultural exports, which made it the second-largest exporter of agricultural produce in the world.

But then again, Bangladesh isn’t too far behind in achieving self-sufficiency in food production. As the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and other research institutions are constantly researching and inventing newer technologies, Bangladesh has achieved remarkable progress in the agricultural sector. It has achieved an astonishing 3.54 percent increase in production per year (1999-2019) and is walking steadily to become like the Dutch agricultural sector.

Although there is a notable difference in agricultural innovation and digitalization in Bangladesh and the Dutch economy, both countries are working to achieve a sustainable environment.

A comparison of Bangladesh and the Dutch Agricultural Sector

Let’s have a look through the table for a quick view at how Bangladesh agricultural sector differs from the Dutch one because of modern innovations and technologies.

IMG_2674

What is the current land area of the Netherlands, including the portion underwater, and how does their production capacity compare to that of Bangladesh?

The Netherlands is a relatively smaller country (41,850 km²) in western Europe, with 26% of its land (approximately 10,881 km²) situated under the sea level.

However, even though a larger portion of its land is underwater, this country still allocated 22.000 km² (2.2 million hectares) of land for agriculture. Using these lands and other necessary resources, the Netherlands produced 4 million cows, 13 million pigs, 104 million chickens, and nearly 24,000 acres of various crops and others. Such a phenomenal number of agro production was possible only because of their Smart Agro techniques and technologies.

However, the same cannot be said about the Bangladesh Agro sector. This nation has a total land area of 148,460 km² with 18,290 km2 of Bangladesh is underwater. Compared to the Netherlands, Bangladesh has more land area and available land for agriculture (79,600 km²). Yet, they fail to produce as many agro-products as the Dutch.

The nation produced 58.5 million tons of rice and other paddy, 14.07 million metric tons of milk, and 8.71 million metric tons of meat in 2023. Still they needed to import agro products worth $15 billion to fulfill the demand of the people of the country.

Discussion on the overall agricultural revolution of the Dutch

Referring to the “Dutch Agricultural Revolution”, the agricultural revolution in the Netherlands not only played a significant role in the country’s overall economic development but also contributed to world food production as a whole. Now, the Netherlands is the Second (2nd) largest agricultural exporter in the world.

However, the scenario was not always as such. During the “Golden Century” of the Netherlands, the population of the Capital grew from 30,000 to 200,000 within a short span of time. Such a dense population indicated that now the Dutch had more people to feed with limited resources, and therefore, they needed to find solutions for increased food production using the resources they had.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Dutch researched, invented, and developed more than a few agricultural techniques and technologies, like four-crop rotation, reaping machines, and others, to increase agricultural productivity and efficiency.

Here are some key aspects of the Dutch Agricultural Revolution:

Crop rotation and increased food production

Even though over half of the land in the Netherlands is used for agriculture, they still adopted the crop rotation technique to increase food production and simultaneously enhance the fertility of the soil.

Over the years, they developed a four-crop rotation to cut down the fallow period and increase soil fertility significantly. This technique increased food production (as all fields were used all year round) and enhanced feed for livestock. And when there was more food for livestock, the size of the herd and the production of meat, milk, and fertilizers also increased exceptionally.

Land reclamation and water management

A significant number of Dutch lands was and is still under the water. The Dutch people employed advanced techniques, like extensive impoldering, to reclaim these lands from the sea and inland water bodies for agricultural use. This innovative approach increased the amount of arable land available for agricultural use and hence, facilitated agricultural growth eventually.

In addition to using dikes, canals, and pumps, the nation also used windmills to pump water from agricultural land so that they don’t get affected by floods in any way.

Specializing in commercial agriculture

While increasing food production, the Dutch farmers also paid attention to cultivating high-value crops and livestock products that had high demand in urban markets and for export.

As this country has favorable weather conditions and enriched soil, the Government also aided the farmers with incentives and other facilities to enhance production efficiently. Besides fulfilling the nation’s demand, it also helped them to earn from abroad.

Research and technological innovations

Various technological and digital innovations played a great role in the Dutch Agricultural Revolution, and there is no doubt about that.

The nation invested enormous amount of time and money on Research & Development for their agricultural techniques and technologies. Many agricultural research institutions, including Wageningen University & Research (WUR), focused on innovating new agricultural tools and machinery, newer plant breeding, and sustainable farming practices to increase efficiency as well as productivity.

Besides embracing modern technologies and mechanization, the Netherlands also adopted greenhouse technology to revolutionize agro production. The use of greenhouses allowed the Dutch to cultivate crops all year round (fresh produce) and ensured a steady supply of fresh fruits and vegetables to both national and international markets.

What lessons can Bangladesh learn from the Dutch to effectively overcome their food challenge?

With the government’s support and the private sector’s investment, the agro sector of Bangladesh has shown remarkable progress over the last decade. With a Global Hunger Index of 19.0 in 2023, Bangladesh has now become a nation with a “moderate hunger rate,” while it was under a “serious hunger rate” just two decades ago.

IMG_2673

However, the nation is still not independent in food production. Bangladesh can learn a few things from the Dutch Agro System to effectively overcome its food challenges. Some of the lessons that the country can adopt from the Netherlands are:

Adopt advanced water management and land reclamation

Just like the Netherlands, a considerable amount of land in Bangladesh is also underwater. However, while the Dutch took land reclamation seriously, BD still needs to consider this technique to increase land for agricultural purposes.

The government and related parties can launch land reclamation and water management projects (especially in flood-prone areas and coastal regions) to increase arable land. Advanced irrigation techniques and water management practices can be developed for efficient irrigation infrastructure, ensure water availability throughout the year, and improve agricultural productivity like never before.

Invest in technological innovations

Although the Government of Bangladesh has allocated a huge budget for agricultural innovations and research & development, the nation needs to facilitate modern farming equipment and machinery to achieve the Dutch level of food independence. Advanced agricultural technology and infrastructure, like improved plows, seed drills, threshers, and greenhouses can boost efficiency and productivity in the near future.

Promote greenhouse farming

Even though Bangladesh doesn’t suffer from extreme weather conditions, introducing greenhouse farming can be beneficial. Greenhouses can protect the crops from pests and other weather conditions, hence, increasing quality as well as production.

Ensure financial support and risk management

Unlike the Dutch, Bangladesh farmers don’t enjoy easy and accessible credit facilities to invest in their farming. The government of Bangladesh should provide comprehensive farming credit facilities so that the farmers can adopt modern farming practices and technologies for efficiency. Introduction of crop insurance extensively can be a key initiative in this sector.

How can Bangladesh be independent in food production and supply?

Bangladesh holds the 14th position globally for the production of primary crop commodities, with a production of 93.3 million tons in 2021.

However, even after producing such a large volume, the nation is still unable to meet the food demand of the people and requires importing food from around the world. But importing means spending a large amount of dollars, which isn’t right for the economy as a whole.

Here are a few ways that Bangladesh can adopt to become independent in food production and supply:

Enhancing agricultural productivity is the key

One of the primary ways to achieve self-dependency in food production is by simply increasing agricultural productivity. Using improved, disease-resistant, and climate-resilient seeds, adopting modern farming techniques, and enhancing irrigation infrastructure can increase agro production significantly.

However, root-level farmers won’t be able to implement such things. The government of Bangladesh and the related parties should take the initiative to provide all the necessary resources to increase food production efficiently.

Adopting sustainable farming practices helps. Sustainable farming techniques like planting diversified crops and integrating plants and shrubs into agricultural land can reduce the risk of crop failure and improve soil health for enhanced production. By ensuring the best practices on the agro farm, Bangladesh can increase the food production and ensure adequate supply.

Implementing smart agro practices can enhance food production

The nation can also become self-dependent on food production by applying various advanced digital technologies and practices in its agricultural operations. Digital practices like internet connectivity, electricity, and proper devices not only give greater control over production processes but also increases efficiency, productivity, sustainability, and profitability significantly.

Allocating more of the budget to the agro sector in Bangladesh

The government of Bangladesh needs to allocate more of its budget to the agro sector to accelerate growth and increase food production than ever before. Even though the government has allocated Tk43,700 crore as agro budget (5.7% of the total budget) with a subsidy allocation of Tk17,533 crore in FY2023-24, they need to make sure that the money is spent right. Providing affordable fertilizers, better seeds, improved irrigation facilities, and other essential materials to the farmers can help the farming process and eventually increase crop production.

Spending more on research and innovation

The importance of research and innovation in Bangladesh’s agro sector is inevitable. Researching and inventing newer technologies, climate-resilient crops, and sustainable agricultural practices can pave the way for the nation to achieve food independence in the near future.

To fuel the research in the agro section, the government of Bangladesh has allocated BDT 16,336 crore for R&D in the agricultural sector so that they can try better and quicker farming techniques for enhanced food production.

Building better roads and highways

Investing and increasing crop production won’t alone bring food independence to Bangladesh. To make the nation self-dependent on food, better roads and highways need to be built all over the country. Improved communication all over the region would definitely make it easier to transport food to every corner of the nation.

Wrapping up

The agricultural sector is crucial to Bangladesh’s economy, but the country still needs an “Agricultural Revolution” similar to the Netherlands to achieve a zero-hunger rate.

Undoubtedly, Bangladesh has improved and increased its agro sector by adopting and implementing newer innovations and technologies. However, the nation’s progress in agriculture still requires significant innovation to reduce dependency on food imports.

By following the agro model of the Dutch, Bangladesh can surely walk towards food independency in the near future. Besides implementing crop rotation, better land and water management Bangladesh must increase investment in agricultural research, promote modern farming techniques, and ensure better infrastructure and financial support for farmers. By adopting these strategies, Bangladesh can achieve sustainable development and greater food security.

Ahmed Shoyeb Iqbal is head of operations at Dhaka Tribune.